What is a histogram?

A histogram is indeed a graphical representation of the distribution of numerical data. It displays data by dividing it into intervals or "bins" and showing the frequency of data points that fall within each interval. The height of each bar in the histogram represents the frequency of data points in that interval, allowing viewers to quickly assess the distribution, central tendency, and variability of the dataset.

Histograms are particularly useful in highlighting the shape of the data distribution (such as normal, skewed, or bimodal), which can be critical in statistical analysis. They are essential tools for visualizing complex datasets, as they provide insights at a glance that numerical summaries alone may not convey.

In contrast, the other options mention different statistical concepts. A type of statistical test does not pertain to a histogram, as tests usually involve hypothesis testing or comparisons. A graphical representation of qualitative data suggests bar charts or pie charts, which represent categorical data, not numerical distributions. Lastly, a table that shows data frequency refers to frequency tables, which organize data but do not provide the visual distribution that a histogram does.